How to improve application startup speed in ubuntu?

Question

Hard disks

Good afternoon.
Recently I began to notice such a thing, applications started to run longer than usual.
Previously, the browser started up for 1-3 seconds, this hour is up to 10-15, all other applications also take longer to start.
At first, I sinned on the /tmp partition, but it was only 500 MB full.
I also thought about cooling and thermal interface, but monitoring the temperature under load and without load showed that everything was more than good.
Checked the RAM for errors, it's ok.
HDD is also in excellent condition.
On the same screw is Windows, which, compared to ubuntu, is just a jet plane.
All partitions are separate from each other, /boot partitions are not connected to each other.
What could be the reason for this drop in performance?
On board ubuntu 16.04 lts
Hardware all new
Core i5 6500
Hdd 1tb
Ram 16 gb ddr4 2133
Hdd marked as follows
/boot 512mb
/tmp 10gb
/swap 8gb
/ 28gb
/home 90gb
If necessary, I can reinstall!
I just want to find and fix the sources of the problem.

Answer 1

you can win a bit in startup speed using prelink and preloader
----
yes, it can't be!
Well, chrome right now knows how to keep itself in the background, and opens in milliseconds. If you have chrome then turn on the background
I can assume that I distributed your Windows, at the beginning of the disk, and the bubunts somewhere at the end. The speed of the initial sectors and sectors at the end can differ almost twice. Latency too.

Answer 2

I have Ubuntu at the beginning of the partition