Why does the current increase when batteries are connected in parallel?

Question

Batteries

Learning the basics of electricity (in order to play with arduino and raspberries).
Ohm's Law states that Current = Voltage/Resistance.
At the same time, Voltage = Current*Resistance.
And then I read the chapter on series and parallel connection of batteries. It turns out that if you connect the batteries in series, then their voltage is summed up, and the current strength remains the same, and if you connect them in parallel, then the voltage is the same, but the current strength is summed up.
What about Ohm's law? Does our resistance somehow change in this proportion? ..
Or maybe Ohm's law works strictly for specific types of electrical circuits (circuits)? ..
Why does the current strength increase with a series connection with an increase in voltage? .. How does the current increase with a parallel connection without increasing the voltage
?

Answer 1

The battery has an internal resistance that limits the current it can deliver in the event of a short circuit. (bottom row) and this resistance increases as it discharges.
But usually this resistance is much less than the load resistance (first row). Then the current will not change much. But the batteries will last longer because each one has less current flowing through it.

Answer 2

In addition to Ohm's law, there are other fundamental rules in electrical engineering.
One of which is Kirchhoff's rule. According to which the sum of the currents flowing into the node is equal to the sum of the currents flowing out, or the algebraic sum of the currents in the node is equal to zero.
Therefore, the current that the battery can supply to the node is added up when additional batteries are connected.

Answer 3

When we talk about current strength in relation to current sources, we mean the maximum current strength that they are capable of delivering without damage. In addition, current sources have their own resistance, which determines the short circuit current. Isc = U/R source.
In this case, the real current strength in the circuit with the load (in the simplest case) is calculated according to Ohm's law for the complete circuit: I = U / (Rload + Rsource). This current must be less than the maximum allowable for the source.
When batteries are connected in series, their voltages are summed up, as are the resistances. But the current in series connection is the same in all sections of the circuit and, accordingly, the maximum current of the connected batteries will be equal to the maximum current of one battery. The real current of the entire circuit I = U*n/(Rload + Rsource*n).
When batteries are connected in parallel, the current will be distributed between them in inverse proportion to their internal resistance. If the batteries are the same, then the circuit current will be divided equally between them and, accordingly, the total current limit of the connected batteries will be equal to the current limit of one battery, multiplied by the number of batteries. The real current of the entire circuit I = U/(Rload + Rsource/n).

Answer 4

This answer may sound like nonsense, but try it.
After it, it becomes clear how the current from the power plant is INSTANTLY in your iron.
I asked myself the answer to the question - where does the current in the outlet come from or even the wording "how many amperes in the outlet". Voltage - we all know 220, which means volts.

One electrician answered me, and at school they said that current is electrons.
I asked - where are the electrons in the socket from?
He answered - they are coming from the power plant.
I asked - where are they from? How to create them? Here, in physics, they took an electrolyte, lowered the wires, so a quarter of a volt turned out there, is there really such a mega vat with electrolyte at the power plant, and it means somehow 220 came out there?
He answered - no, there are generators that create them, the rotation of the frame in a magnetic field, and so on.
I asked - that is, they are taken from the air, from a magnetic field, or what?
Then he answered - yes ... (The answer is no, rotating in a magnetic field, forces pull electrons out of the chaos inside the conductor into a line from plus to minus)

As a result, the answer was " somehow it works " (answer from an electrician)
But in the end you just need to remember chemistry, and not just physics.
What do we have inside the substance? Atoms.
Atoms have electrons.
Electrons what? They move randomly.
A few words about direct current and why it is "from plus to minus." If we get the current chemically - that is, aluminum and copper into the electrolyte, then a precipitate appears on one of the electrodes. In a chemical reaction, "ions" move - these are atoms that do not have enough electrons, and in a chemical environment they move to where there are extra electrons. And now they themselves are positively charged, and they go towards the accumulation of negatively charged electrons. So Ampere once decided to write down that the current goes in the direction from plus to minus. Then they realized that in order to create a current, it is not at all necessary to dissolve and move the atoms themselves, but you can move what fills them - and they began to move electrons with a magnetic field. And it turned out that the electrons go against the current, because. they are two thousand times smaller than atoms and easier to move.
The voltage in this case is just a FORCE forcing the electrons to move in the right direction, creating, like the wind, an area with "low pressure" (electron concentration) in one place and high in another - pulling the electrons from one place of the wire and dragging them to where they were already pulled out - there is such an ordered movement of charges.
That is, having applied a force to the conductor from the most extreme point, the electrons ran to where there are fewer of them and accumulated there, and immediately from the next point they took their place. Do you remember the experience with the comb, which can give a discharge on the finger? On the surface of the dielectric, electrons accumulate, which very quickly pass through the body to a region with a low electron content.
When we consider a generator, a rotating coil / frame, crossing the magnetic field, accelerates the electrons in two directions, along the poles of this field, and if we connect something there, the electrons will run along the chain, restoring the balance back. The ability of the generator to constantly push the electrons along the poles during rotation allows us to say that "there is 220 volts in the outlet." And on the comb, after scratching the wool, there is a kilovolt, but we cannot power the heater at home with the comb. Because having given away the first electrons, there are no new ones. And during rotation, we constantly cycle this process back and forth changing the poles, after which we cut off the current running back with rectifiers and stabilizers, making it directed in one direction, and as a result, the device still starts due to the constancy of the process. You say - there are metal combs. These combs themselves conduct electrons in any direction. Having scratched the wool with such a comb, we will simply enrich it a little with electrons, which will immediately scatter to those places where they were lacking, as a result, the comb will not be able to give us electrons without an additional applied force.
An understanding immediately ran through why it is easier to transmit alternating current over long distances. Because no current is transmitted anywhere, this kick is transmitted here, the force "pushing the charges" (more precisely, the force resisting the fact that they are moving in the wrong direction and pulling them in the other direction), and it is this FORCE that gets into the transformers and takes a boost in a magnetic field, allowing you to increase or decrease the voltage. That is, we transmit power through wires in approximately the same way as if we throw a stone into the water and waves go. Or if we take a rope and shake it well, our impulse will go along the rope, fading with distance.
If anything, from the output of the nuclear power plant we have 750 kilovolts of power. This is a silushka that will be maintained, not instantaneous, it is able to burn everything and fuck it, but it was obtained in the same way - by rotating giant coils in magnetic fields and summing it up. And this power of the gods is sent by wire to the city, splitting into thousands of wires (when divided into 1000 wires, the voltage will not drop, but power transformers can divide it and send more volts there less here), fading with distance and with the help of other step-up transformers rising along the road where the dofiga faded.
There is also an understanding of why if you apply 15 kilovolts to a load with poor insulation - the current can go through air or some kind of dielectric in the immediate vicinity - the wire itself is a conditional pipe through which it is easy for current to go, because the wire resists electrons less than the air around him. But with such big kicks and fig insulation, electrons fly around and knock out, they may well be enough to go straight "through the air", as lightning does during a thunderstorm - a large accumulation of electrons dangling in the air and these electrons can pierce themselves way through this field, because it will have less resistance than the surrounding air.
It is naive to think that there is nothing on the wire itself. After a couple of decades, it will also wear out. And the more voltage surges there were on it, the faster it will be, each surge will cause some kind of heating, and when the metal heats up, it can lengthen, become thinner and eventually break. Then we will "change the wiring in the house."
Imagine a wire with a thickness of a meter. Unrealistic, but still. By applying a kick of 220 volts to it (from one instant kick it is unlikely to even heat up, but if you apply a force for a second, then yes), so many electrons will be pulled out of it from the first point, which will immediately rush to the source terminal, which, by resistance, will be much more than our meter wire, which means it will heat up with all this power and heat up the terminal instantly, from which it can unsolder, leak, explode, and so on. But if we stick some device here, a consumer, that is, we prevent the power supply from doing its terrible things, the power supply will fall, do useful work, and then it will throw out fewer electrons at the output, and everything will be fine.
That is, the lower the resistance in the circuit section (the thicker the material, the shorter the material, the more chemically permeable) and the more power is applied there, the more electrons will escape from there and go to the next place where the resistance is higher, it will heat up there and it will break there (this is the answer to the question - why zero is on, and not the phase, because the power goes there and this place is the point where the resistance to the current is greater and it heats up as a result more)
In this map, I cannot yet only describe superconductors. These are those that, when frozen, completely ignore the electrons flying through them and do not interfere with their movement. And the phenomenon is that at a certain temperature they enclose the current inside themselves and it does not go out, even if the source is turned off. But for this they need to be cooled to drop dead low temperatures. Which by the way will lead to the fact that the conductor above the magnetic field will fly. Literally.
I hope now it’s clear that it doesn’t increase in parallel, it can be _calculated_ using the sum , because each branch of this circuit will give out the fewer electrons, the more problems there are with the transfer of the power supply further - the more devices, resistances and other different ones. What else does it give? The answer to the question: "what is the strength of a brother" - in metal and magnets: D