Why does the CPU\GPU start to run slowly when overheated?

Question

Iron

Good evening.
Actually, subject. Interested in the technical side of the issue. The system itself consistently limits the power of the chip so that it does not completely burn out, or is it a natural consequence of overheating on the physical side of the issue (for example, conductivity is disturbed and resistance increases)?
Thanks in advance.

Answer 1

This is called throttling in English, a short description can be found here .