Which Linux distribution to choose for a wide range of tasks?

Question

linux

A student, I am writing a diploma in genomic selection, I
have to work with tassel, admixture, rstudio and some other programs that are not available on windows
Linux is required
For further admission to the master's program, I need to program in java
I really like the topic of computer security (as a hobby)
Advise which distribution kit to choose in order to I could do all my tasks I have
experience with linux, ubuntu stood for 2 years (biolinux, smart, but didn’t like it outwardly)
The second computer on macOS (I like it outwardly, but the PC is weak)
When I took security courses, I worked with kali, in general and outwardly and functionally like it, but they say that it is stupid to have it as the main one, is it so, and why?
I have been thinking for a long time between OpenSuse, Kali, Debian and Fedora, or maybe Arch , which one is closer to my tasks or more versatile?

Answer 1

I worked with kali, in general I like it both externally and functionally, but they say that it is stupid to have it as the main one, is this true, and why?

Because the distribution is specialized for network security engineers.
distrib can not "do not like it outwardly." In any distribution there is a bunch of DE, experimenting with which you can get the look you want, especially in bubuntu. When choosing a distribution (rather than DE), there are usually other criteria:
- A package manager, that is, a program that updates packages, system, etc.
- Init system - systemd, init, etc.
- Update model - batch or source-based

Answer 2

Debian, Redhat , Centos Universal Foundation Systems