Problem with MacBook Air 18 headphones?

Question

macOS

Hello!
I have MBA 18 Mojave 10.14.6. In possession for a year, but today I ran into a problem - during a Skype conversation, when the headphones were pulled out of the port, Skype hung up. This was repeated many times. The same thing with a conversation on Telegram, but there, when the headphones are pulled out, the interlocutor simply becomes inaudible, i.e. The sound does not automatically switch to the speakers.
And further. At the next Skype call, when I inserted the headphones into the connector, there was a sound like a short circuit, as much as one ear was blocked. I threw out these headphones after such jokes, now I work with others, everything is ok, but the problem with Skype and Telegram has remained unchanged.
The question is - can this be somehow fixed so that after pulling out the headphones, the microphone and speakers switch to civilian ones? I will also be glad to feedback on the situation with a short circuit, maybe someone met
Updated: skype, telegrams have the latest versions installed. Never noticed such jokes before.