Orientation in space and 3D objects?

Question

3D

I thought, what is the difference between movies and cartoons?
the fact that in films you can draw an object and use it at least throughout the film.
with cartoons everything is more complicated - you need to manually redraw all objects.
It turns out space against the plane))
But if you think about it, then the monitor is the same plane.
And the computer draws everything by itself, making us think that we are really flying in space.
But I have a question, how is the orientation in space?
Why is it that when you press the forward button, the object approaches, changes its size, due to a change in focus, and no matter how we twist, zoom in, it will still be the same 3D object, as if not zeros and ones were added to the computer’s memory, but real object (or its shape)
with a plane, everything seems to be clear, you draw, conditionally, a map, and change it with movement.
how about space?
well, or rather, what were the first ideas or technologies for the implementation of 3-dimensional programming-drawing?

Answer 1

Perspective
Projection
Space

Answer 2

with cartoons everything is more difficult - you need to manually redraw all objects.

Modern cartoons have long been drawn in 3D.