Network infrastructure in a small office?

Question

Computer networks

Good afternoon, could knowledgeable people suggest books or maybe articles on the topic of how to build infrastructure, i.e., for example, on various diagrams where routers, switches, servers, etc. should be located, I briefly read a couple of books on networks, I didn’t find what I needed .
ps There is a small office for 25 hosts, I work there as an enikey worker;), there are no servers, a peer-to-peer network, 5-6 switches + 1 router, a bunch of incomprehensible wires, so I’m thinking about redoing this whole mess, but I need smart ideas how to do it,
along the way I would like to master Linux, the gateway can lift to try with a squid, give advice if it is not difficult as in small office it is better to unroll all this business. Thank you.
Router Asus 1 WAN + 4 LAN, I don’t remember the exact model now.
Switches:
3 tp-link 5xLAN ,
1 Asus 8xLAN (I don’t remember the model, something like ASUS GigaX 1108B) At the expense of the patch panel, the idea is interesting, but I have never come across it, as I understand it, I need a closet? or not required?
2 D-Link DES-1016A 16Lan I do n’t really want to change the topology, I just want to bring it all into a more or less decent look ,
for example: mark the rest, install a gateway + squid + on an old PC Linux / bsd gateway + squid + maybe a file wasom for users The prospects are dubious to expand, but the desire to work with installation, configuring servers / nix / network ?, including managing it, I want to gain experience and dump where they pay more :) ps The municipal office in the province, the director is far from it and seems to not consider it for people, therefore there is no money for equipment either, sometimes you have to beg for a whistle.
Therefore, the task is this: to bring everything into at least some kind of presentable and understandable form, document it, gain experience and say goodbye to state institutions :)

Answer 1

Good day. Well, logically.
We put the center router (Linux server) in the server room.
We hook the Internet to the router, to the second network card - a patch cord to the switch next to the server.
We connect all clients to this switch. If possible, connect directly without switches
in offices/ offices

Answer 2

It is necessary to redo something for some task, and not just spontaneously “I want to do something, but I don’t know what”. If there are no servers (including domain controllers, dns, availability monitoring), voip telephony, information security policies, frequent channel breaks, but users simply use the Internet without taking into account activity on it, you have an ideal scheme.

Answer 3

dafiga you have switches for 25 wheelbarrows without servers, if there is a growth prospect, you can embroider all of them into a patch panel, one + upgrade skill is enough for you. about Linux cars as a gateway, this is normal if you need full network control, you don’t have to proxy clients if the management wants to see who is sitting where. And so it’s enough and some kind of not very expensive router

Answer 4

Hey! Read about the OSSIRIUS SCS 702 open standard, there is an article on Habré https://habr.com/post/108400/
Read about ClearOS.
Draw a diagram on a piece of paper, then translate it into a plan on a PC and then start implementing it, it will be clearer and you will be able to think about where and what to do better, and in critical situations - reduce downtime.