How to make a self-study plan?

Question

IT education

Hello!
I am currently completing my first year in Computer Science. During the year of study, I realized that they would not teach me anything normal, in terms of programming, and that I needed to start learning on my own (before that, I was already engaged in self-education, but in some specific issues, and not in general).
The goal is, in parallel with studying at a university, to independently obtain a sufficient level of theoretical knowledge and practical skills in order to get at least some adequate job in the specialty and get the opportunity to earn money to pay for tuition for a master's degree somewhere abroad, along the way gaining experience and seniority work.
Currently facing two problems :

1. 
   
2. Choose the direction to which I will devote the most time. There are a lot of languages ​​and opinions about what to choose. What are the arguments about Java vs C# .
   
3. What is relevant now and will be in demand abroad? I don’t look at WEB development, as I understand it, there is now a huge competition, which is constantly increasing for those who want quick and easy money (correct me if I'm wrong).
   

In the course of my studies, I got acquainted with C / C ++ / C #, I liked C # most of all. In general, interested in developing applications for Windows/Android/IOS and GameDev, but I think the latter is not the best choice to start with.

How to make a training plan?

На каждом сайте разные рекомендации того, что нужно изучать, в каком порядке, разная рекомендованная литература и т.д. Везде разные требования к junior-разработчикам. Одним словом, очень быстро теряешься во всем этом.

1. 
   
2. Как составить эффективный план обучения?
   
3. Как контролировать свой прогресс?
   
4. Как правильно выбрать литературу?
   
5. Стоит ли, как можно быстрее, пытаться устроиться на работу "за бесплатно" (ради опыта) или лучше уделить время на самообразование и создание собственных проектов для портфолио?
   

I would like to get advice from experienced developers. Thank you for your attention.

Answer 1

C# is a good choice. Get deep into it. Master data types, basic libraries.
Write some simple applications - standard simple calculators of something, with windows, with menus. What-thread tic-tac-toe.
Learn the basics of tcp, write some simple server-client applications - a simple chat, a simple messenger.
Go deep into OOP and patterns.
In parallel, read vacancies and requirements for them - everything that is needed for work is indicated there.

Answer 2

1. Apparently, no one was taught to google on a toaster, again
2. Choose what you want - it’s not technologies that are promising, but people with a head who don’t ask such questions
3. People who go to IT for money don’t earn
4. There are no universal or proven paths - try , fill the bumps and learn from them. There will be specific plugs in the process - ask here, do not be shy

Answer 3

Don't waste time making a plan. If in the course of training, some knowledge is not enough, tighten it up if necessary. In general, do not worry and do it.