How to learn to repair computers?

Question

Computers

I want to learn how to diagnose motherboards, change broken parts, understand the circuits of desktop motherboards and laptops, study the principle of PC operation at the microcontroller level. That is, which signal follows which one, which controller is responsible for what, and everything like that. I have basic knowledge of digital and analog electronics, I know what a transistor, flip-flop, register is and how they work. But I need knowledge on practical repair. Advise , please , how it is possible to learn it . Preferably in practice. Books are possible, if there are sensible ones, video courses are possible, but free, although there probably aren’t any.

Answer 1

to study the principle of PC operation at the level of microcontrollers

To begin with, there are no microcontrollers in a PC. Well, it happened. There are microcontrollers in industrial automation, in transport, in household appliances, even in electrical panels. But MK is not in the PC, in the usual sense of these terms.
Learn how to solder well (and it's not so easy on modern boards, I can only do it at the level of "bluff"). As already mentioned in the comments, now faulty boards are replaced entirely.
Read: https://habr.com/en/post/537848/
A common problem is the failure of electrolytic capacitors. On motherboards, it’s no longer frequent, but in general for electronic components - yes (power supplies, monitors, routers, etc.) So you can even carefully re-solder the capacitors without turning on the brain, and with a probability of 50% the device will work after that. And in the remaining 50%, shrug, shrug, frown and say that the repair of this malfunction will be more expensive than a new board with delivery. :) Well, sometimes there are blown fuses or blown varistors - it's even easier than with capacitors. Broken USB connectors, broken cables in laptops - all this does not require qualification.

Answer 2

Get a job as a junior in a repair shop? There they will teach, if they undertake to teach, of course.
Repairs now, as a rule, block. Although, of course, the ability to solder and the ability not to confuse a transistor with a transformer will be useful. Disassembly-assembly of a laptop machine , cleaning, soldering of conduits and broken-down power and USB connectors, keyboards filled with tea ...

Answer 3

I want to learn how to diagnose motherboards

Good wish. Implementing it is very simpletyts , tyts

, change broken parts

As a rule, the "broken part" on the motherboard (or video card) is the board itself. Of course, in most cases it is easier and cheaper to replace the entire board. Diagnosis and replacement of other components of the board requires expensive equipment and serious knowledge in electronics.
Yes, the output of capacitors on motherboards is a very distant past. Now expensive boards use semiconductor capacitors, it is impossible to visually determine their malfunction. As for electrolytes, now no one even puts bullshit on a cheap board, and if the conder is swollen, then this is a consequence of some serious malfunction that cannot be eliminated with a simple tester and a soldering iron.

understand the schemes of desktop motherboards and laptops

Learn to understand the schemes in general and you will be happy

to study the principle of PC operation at the level of microcontrollers. That is, which signal follows which one, which controller is responsible for what, and everything like that.

everything is simple on motherboards there are no microcontrollers

I have basic knowledge of digital and analog electronics, I know what a transistor, flip-flop, register is and how they work. But I need knowledge on practical repair.

Practical PC repair is fundamentally different from repair, for example, TVs. If a PC component fails within a year, then it is under warranty, if it lasts a year, then it will last two more with a probability of 90%. Repairing a board or video card that is 3+ years old is tritely unprofitable, for the poor you can find a used analogue for a penny, for those who have money a good reason to do a complete upgrade

Advise , please , how it is possible to learn it . Preferably in practice. Books are possible, if there are sensible ones, video courses are possible, but free, although there probably aren’t any.

I advise. Read all the links above. I don't know about books, I've never been interested. Any paid courses are a scam for money, as a rule, free videos are recorded by the same dummies as you, only more stupid and arrogant. The only video that has practical value is the sequence of disassembling complex devices.
Practice can be obtained in several ways. The most effective is to ask in the nearest sane SC to sit in a corner on a side chair on the condition that you agree to run for free beer and brew coffee. And if they agree, then your task is to watch and listen, watch and listen. But all this is possible only on the condition that your parents or someone else agree to feed and clothe you for 3-5 years. You must also understand that the knowledge gained from this will not make you a millionaire.
Another option is to get a job anywhere as an enikey worker, this is much worse than the first option in moral terms, but you will have any kind of salary and a chic zoo of techno-garbage.
The third option is to discuss the old equipment of poor relatives, friends and neighbors for free, on the condition that you do not take money for the work, but at the same time do not guarantee the success of the event (some rednecks agree).