How to fix the error that arose due to the incorrect construction of the program?

Question

Python

I decided to write a program in Python.
I declared a variable in the init function called self.screen
, it was saved in the App class
, and when I used the App.screen variable in the run function, an
error came out (
the error itself:


source code:

from os import environ
environ['PYGAME_HIDE_SUPPORT_PROMPT'] = '1' # Mute
import pygame as app # Main module
from pygame.locals import *
import os as os, sys as sys # System module
import time as time, random as random # Other module

# Settings
app.init()
clock = app.time.Clock()
font_basic = app.font.SysFont(None, 36)
font_addon = None
white = (255, 255, 255)
black = (0, 0, 0)

class App():
    def Terminate():
        app.quit()
        sys.exit()
    def Text(text, font, color,surface ,x, y):
        text = font.render(str(text), True, color)
        text_rect = text.get_rect()
        text_rect.topleft = (x, y)
        surface.blit(text, text_rect)
        return text, text_rect
    def init(self):
        self.resolution = self.width, self.hight = (800, 450)
        self.screen = app.display.set_mode(self.resolution, app.SCALED) # Переменная
        app.display.set_caption("NRen")
        app.display.set_icon(app.image.load('icon.png'))
    def run(self):
        while True:
            App.Text("Ку, это тестовое сообщение)", font_basic, white, App.screen, 800, 450) # Тут ошибка
            for i in app.event.get():
                if i.type == QUIT:
                    App.Terminate()
                if i.type == KEYDOWN:
                    if i.key == K_ESCAPE:
                        App.Terminate()
            app.display.update()
application = App()
application.init()
application.run()

Answer 1

The screen attribute is created for you only at the time of creating an instance of the class ( application = App() ) and calling the init () method. If you try to call it like you - App.screen - your class knows nothing about it.
You need to replace App.screen with self.screen.
PS and it's better to rename init() to __init()__, then you won't need to call this method separately.