How to determine with the help of the pathping utility at which point in the network the problem is?

Question

Network administration

Hello. I used the pathping utility, but I could not understand where exactly the problem is - in the first node, in the second node, or lies between them.
Searches on the Internet were unsuccessful - they thoughtlessly copy and paste the same example everywhere, which still does not explain, but confuses the understanding of the output of this utility.

Please help me understand:
1. Why in the table there are 2 columns "Lost / Send", and there are 3 conclusions;
2. What do the columns "Source node", "Route node" mean, so that with their help you can understand which of the 3 possible points is the problem.
Please explain to me like I'm a young kid seeing the console for the first time)
Thanks for the answers.
added:

Answer 1

pathping is not very clear, WinMTR is better.
Instructions for use: www.unetcom.ru/abonents/WinMTR
Look for the line from which the response time will jump up sharply and / or the percentage of losses will become non-zero.
It will not show the exact cause, but it will allow you to determine in whose area of ​​responsibility the cause is located.

Answer 2

How to determine with the help of the pathping utility at which point in the network the problem is?

If you do not understand what exactly you are looking for with pathping, then nothing.
4. Then I do not understand why there are losses between the link and the source node. Does this mean that the problems on the source node are actually caused by an inter-node switching problem?

I don’t know what exactly is the source node, what is specifically the route node
In addition, the added new screenshot shows that:
There is a loss before the kzn node, and then losses are observed mainly in the "Source node" columns, which, as I understand it, refers to the problem of these nodes specifically, which I refuse to believe in the case of Yandex, but So I question the reliability of my understanding of these data.

My opinion is that "losses" to the node kzn02.transtelecom.net are due to the protection of the control plane of the corresponding device (Juniper MX-series, as an assumption).
I cannot comment on the estimates (I assume based on statistics) of the pathping algorithm without knowing it in detail. I recommend diagnosing possible problems by more realistic means.

Answer 3

This means that the problem is either in sending packets from the 9th router, or in the connection between the ninth and tenth router, or in receiving on the 10th router, you just need to go to them and see what's wrong, I guess you don't have any access, so the conclusion the obvious one I wrote above.