How do p2p botnet networks work?

Question

Computer networks

I recently learned that there is a p2p botnet network. I read about it, but I did not find the answer to these questions. such questions are interesting.
How bots understand that they should act as a server (node)
How bots communicate with each other, how do they know which ip address needs to send something or receive something from it.
How the botmaster knows which ip addresses to send the command to.

Answer 1

I think you should first read the information at least on the operation of any overlay network :)
bots are initially programmed to work as a server (node).
bots are programmed from the very beginning to search and communicate with each other, using the available search networks (dht torrent for example) or confusing something of their own.
depends on how the network is programmed. for example, a botmaster can send a command to enumerate nodes, get a list of ip and work on the list referring to any specific ones. or another option for isolating part of the network