How can you test the file system?

Question

macOS

Interested in how you can test HFS and compare with other file systems.
There is pjd-test-framework, there are utilities from Apple for testing file systems (fstorture/fsx).
Of the operations:
creat()
mkdir()
open()
close()
read()
write()
truncate()
ftruncate()
chmod()
stat()
rename()
unlink()
What else can you do?

Answer 1

You can compile fio freecode.com/projects/fio and test it. What exactly do we want to test?

Answer 2

FS integrity after various operations