Why is the interlocutor not inaudible in asterisk 13?

Question

Asterisk

Asterisk can not hear the interlocutor on the other end of the wire.
settings are as follows
sip.conf
[general]
externaddr=192.168.0.1:5060
language=ru
context=default
allowoverlap=no
udpbindaddr=0.0.0.0
tcpenable=no
tcpbindaddr=0.0.0.0
tlsenable=no
transport=udp
srvlookup=yes
allowguest=no
limitonpeers =yes
videosupport=yes
textsupport=yes
accept_outofcall_message = yes
outofcall_message_context = messages
auth_message_requests = no
[group1](!)
type=friend
insecure=invite
videosupport=yes
dtmfmode=rfc2833
canreinvite=no
context=call
secret=PASSWORD
host=dynamic
nat=no
qualify=yes
callgroup=2
pickupgroup=2
call-limit=1
dtmfmode=rfc2833
deny=0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0
permit=192.168.0.0/255.255.255.0
permit=192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0
permit=192.168.2.0/255.255.255.0
disallow=all
allow=ulaw
allow=alaw
allow=gsm
allow=h264
allow=h261
allow=mpeg4
[100](group1)
callerid="100" <100>
[102](group1)
callerid="102" <102>
[103](group1)
callerid="103" <103>
[103](group1)
callerid="103"<103>
extensions.conf
[handup-sip]
exten => _X!,1,HangUp()
[call]
exten => _XXX,1,Dial(SIP/${EXTEN},60,m(mp3))
include => handup- sip
messages go, calls go through, but the interlocutor does not hear me, what could be the problem? and how can i fix it? connection to the server is via VPN, asterisk set up for the first time.

Answer 1

It's about NAT.
voiplab.by/wiki/asterisk/61-asterisk-13-za-nat-net...

Answer 2

The problem is NAT.
Here are some articles on this topic:
https://voxlink.ru/kb/asterisk-configuration/aster...
https://voxlink.ru/kb/voip-devices-configuration/n...

Answer 3

The issue is resolved, the culprit is found the name of his softclients))))
Thank you all for your participation.

Answer 4

Similar problem. Only interruptions. There are two numbers of a corporate megaphone (business). About 1000 incoming calls a day ring, of which half of the incoming calls are heard, and half are not heard. Let's say the subscriber called, he was not heard at first, then he calls back and he is heard. We connected a week ago for the "Taxi Master" program, everything was done as indicated in the Megafon settings, we looked at the logs, and in the logs there is a break on the side of the megaphone, the incoming voice does not reach the program, this is not constant and not on time, but maybe three calls audible and one not audible, or vice versa. They left a request in those support of the megaphone, there has been silence for 4 days, the terms they said are unlimited in those support) While Megafon is solving the problem, we are losing customers) Who has the same thing? Who was able to solve the problem?

Answer 5

Faced this situation when switching to another Internet provider, and the solution was forwarding RTP ports for media traffic (Voice transmission)
UDP 10000-20000