Why doesn't the camera work anywhere except in the browser?

Question

System administration

I have a Dell Inspiron 7720 laptop on Windows 7. There is a built-in camera, there is Logitech USB, both do not work in any applications other than browsers (chrome, firefox - everything is ok there).

Once upon a time everything worked, but at one fine moment something happened, and the problem has been bothering me for a long time. I used to think that Kaspersky was blocking it, but its complete removal, cleaning traces, registry, reinstalling camera drivers did not help in any way. Programs see the device, but they cannot receive an image.
I looked through ProcessExplorer, no programs use it anymore.

In safe mode, cameras are displayed in the device manager, but programs do not even see them (maybe this is how it should be in this mode?).

I ask you not to offer to demolish Windows, I will leave this as a last resort, I would very much like to solve this problem peacefully.
Tell me, please, what can be done?

Answer 1

Look at the privacy settings in the windows settings, perhaps the camera blocking is configured there.

Answer 2

Perhaps the antivirus is blocking
In most cases, they have such a feature
Although they should ask “application / program x asks for access to the webcam”
Well, or reinstall the camera driver

Answer 3

Have you tried downloading the official app for your camera? Also check your firewall settings

Answer 4

PC settings->Privacy->Camera: see settings
PC Settings->Privacy->Microphone: see settings
There you can manage device rights when working with applications, I couldn’t understand why the camera with Skype does not work before, it turned out there was a ban in these menus .