What you need to know when installing ArchLinux?

Question

Arch Linux

Currently on a Manjaro KDE laptop (latest version).
It seems to be a workhorse, but the other day I wanted to install KODI, after downloading the 1.7 GB archive (~ 2 hours), the installation ended with errors and nothing was installed in the end!
Naturally, I was angry!
I switched to Manjaro because of the basics of ArchLinux, previously sat on Ubuntu (Mate, Gnome2 and 3, as well as Unity), LinuxMint (Cinamone) - I didn’t really like it. And I decided to switch to Arch, but at that time there was no experience.
Now there are guides, even video reviews - "How to install Arch and install DE on it, right down to logging in" - I found one - less boring, but it seemed to show everything .
The question is this: If, according to this video, I install Plus in the add. I will install Yogurt (yaourt), everything will work for me?! The plan will already include system software such as Octopi, console, system monitor, system parameters. some default browser, file manager (Dolphin - I think it will come with KDE), Info Center (system load), clock, calendar, language bar, etc. ?!
Most importantly: I want to correctly divide the HDD once and for all under Windows and Linux.
I plan only 2 OS: Windows 10 and Archlinux.

sudo fdisk -l

Диск /dev/sda: 465,8 GiB, 500107862016 байт, 976773168 секторов
Единицы: секторов по 1 * 512 = 512 байт
Размер сектора (логический/физический): 512 байт / 512 байт
Размер I/O (минимальный/оптимальный): 512 байт / 512 байт
Тип метки диска: dos
Идентификатор диска: 0x632d564b

Устр-во    Загрузочный начало Конец Секторы Размер Идентификатор Тип
/dev/sda1                   2048   1026047   1024000   500M             7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda2                1026048 102402047 101376000  48,3G             7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda3              102402048 890882047 788480000   376G             7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
/dev/sda4  *           890882048 976768064  85886017    41G            83 Linux

And as you see it:
1. sda1 - 500Mb - this is a bootable Windows
2. sda2 - 50Gb - This is a Windows
3 system. sda3 - 376Gb - This is a partition for data in NTFS format
4. sda4 - 41Gb - This is currently Manjaro KDE : "/" + "/home"
I want separate boot swap partitions, etc. what should be present in competent linux'e
I would have created them when I installed manjaro, but for some reason I was not allowed to create them in GParted'e - he cursed. I think because of the amount of sdaX. Is it possible to outsmart this and stuff all the sections?!
For information: It is necessary to split sda4 [41Gb] for all needs!
Waiting for answers, thanks in advance for your participation!

Answer 1

I want separate boot swap partitions, etc.

why bother
creating a boot partition if you plan to install only one Linux distribution, as for me, it does not make sense, let it lie quietly at the root.
The swap partition will also be of little use, with today's RAM volumes (at least 4 gigabytes) for everyday tasks, this is enough, of course, if you do not solve any specific and resource-intensive tasks on your computer. In extreme cases, if necessary, you can simply create a swap file , as is done in Windows.
In general, for Linux, except for "/" and "/ home" you should not produce partitions unless absolutely necessary.
this is not entirely correct:
you might as well have written:
"/" + "/home" + "/boot" + "/var" + ...
in fact, you only have the root - /, which is sda4, mounted here, and the rest ( "/home" + ...) are already initially in it, and not mounted from other partitions.
It would be reasonable to switch the disk layout from mbr to gpt , which will allow you not to suffer with extended partitions, especially since Win10 understands gpt layout perfectly.

1. sda1 - 500Mb - this is a bootable Windows
2. sda2 - 50Gb - This is a Windows system
3. sda3 - 376Gb - This is a partition for data in NTFS format
4. sda4 - 41Gb - This is currently Manjaro KDE: "/" + "/ home"

Here I see two options - complex and simple.
Complex :
convert to gpt
sda1 - 500Mb - this is a bootable Windows
sda2 - C: / - 50Gb - Windows system
sda3 - D: / - 376Gb - This is a partition for data in NTFS format
sda4 - "/" - 30+ gig - linux root partition
sda5- "/home" - the rest of the place,
or get confused with the extended partition
Simple :
leave it as it is, that is, just replace Manjaro
install
4. sda4 - 41Gb - "/" - Archlinux system.
I’ll explain why you don’t need to separate /home into a separate section:
home stores mostly personal settings, sometimes it swells due to some programs, for example, to work with the Android sdk or, for example, Steam. In general, if you don’t put anything like that, then its size is still quite small, and all sorts of films, music, etc. you will already have it stored on sda3, which you can simply mount to the same home.
Some people will really yell that 40 gigs under the root and root + home is a lot, I don’t agree, because the feature of linux (ext2,3,4) file systems works here, which reduces file system defragmentation to a minimum if there is enough free disk space unlike file systems on Windows (fat, ntfs).

Answer 2

If there are not enough primary partitions, you can create extended partitions.