What software to use as a sandbox for a web development team?

Question

Web development

We have in the local network of the office freed from 1C-nicknames.
It is required to raise a local web server (project sandbox) for the web development department.
Main stack (backend): PHP, Apache, Nginx, MySql, Git. The main working tool of PhpStorm
The main tasks that any developer from the team should perform independently:

1. quickly deploy a copy of the project from the production server (the productions are different, mainly vds and shared hosting)
   
2. the server environment should be as close as possible to production (and they are different)
   
3. all test hosts must be accessible from the outside (from the Internet) when entering a login\password
   

What to use for this task?

Answer 1

It is obvious that this rainbow is being abandoned and switched to docker

Answer 2

The easy option
Use VirtualBox or some other virtualization tool and permanently duplicate the machine.
Use Vagrant, which is free and open source software for creating and configuring a virtual development environment. It is a wrapper for virtualization software.
part of Docker is containerization. I would break my tongue if I gave a brief explanation. A fairly complex tool, or rather not so ... a fairly high entry threshold.

Answer 3

According to the description, you need a docker, it will take a day or two to get drunk, then everything will go like clockwork (well, in the case of an adequate team).
Of the benefits - there are many ready-made configs and containers on the Internet, everything is easy to install and configure. You can quite easily assemble your own set of whistles and put them on all cars.
Cons - quite heavy (only the distribution kit weighs under a gig and seriously slows down when starting on a not very fresh machine with 4 GB of RAM), although it is probably still easier than virtual machines, since there is not quite virtualization in its purest form.