What is the best way to implement a filter with a huge number of products by properties?

Question

MySQL

The site has one category with 10k products linked. There is also a filter by product properties.
To display properties, you need to check that all 10k products have it, and the properties themselves are in another table through a many-to-many relationship, that is, we first need to select these 10k products from this category, and search for all properties using it through whereIn([1, 2, 3, ..., 9999, 10000])
Question - is it possible to somehow shorten this whereIn query, or is this normal practice? And how is it generally better to implement a filter with a huge number of products by properties.
3 tables:
products:
id, field1, field2, ...
options:
id, field1, field2, ...
products_options:
product_id, option_id
Where products_options is a many-to-many linking table between the products and options table.