What is information security and what is it used for?

Question

IT education

Dear users. My two friends who are taking computer science this year are seriously aiming for the next one. One will enter the Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Department of Information Security. The second to the cipher school. Both took it seriously.
Now a number of questions to which I very much ask you to answer.
1. What is information security and how closely is it related to programming?
2. Will my friends get a quality education (I am especially interested in the academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs)?
3. By whom and under what conditions will they work?
4. Have we developed these areas in Russia (I think it's a stupid question, but still)?
Thank you in advance!

Answer 1

See the ISO 27000 group of international standards, and more specifically, ISO 27001 and the ISO 27002 recommendations. There, all the answers to the question are in the topic title.

Answer 2

There are very few qualified personnel according to article 273 (and others like it) in the Russian Federation. There are probably no reversing specialists at all. If they are so interested in this topic, local analogues of CERT and viruslabs will help them: pay many times more, you don’t go under a stick, the work is more interesting.