What could be causing the "Error 5: POSIX reports: Input/Output error" error?

Question

macOS

They gave me a MacBook Pro 5.2 with Mac OS 10.10.2, which crashed into kernel panic when booting.
Decided to reinstall the system. In the process of trying various methods of reinstallation, the first partition with the system on the hard drive inside the MacBook was deleted. The second partition with the recovery system remained in place. After writing the image of Mac OS 10.6.7 to a USB flash drive, I booted from it. The system installer did not find a suitable disk for installation. I launched "Disk Utility" and there I tried to clean the disk and create one partition on it for the new system. After starting the cleaning, the second partition with the system recovery files was deleted, while swearing at something. After I try to partition the disk into one partition, I get the error "Error 5: POSIX reports: Input/Output error".
What I tried to do: I tried to select other file systems when partitioning, I tried to clean up the entire disk again - the same error falls out, I tried to do the same through diskutil, but the error persists.
At the same time, the disk is physically visible in the system, and before cleaning the system disk, I copied all the necessary information from it, that is, it was working at that time.
What could happen to the disk?
PS Reinstalling the system using the recovery partition initially failed, at the very beginning, when checking the system, it again gave some kind of error. (because of which I cleared the system partition and wrote the image to a USB flash drive)

Answer 1

Apparently, if you need to reinstall the system on a MacBook Pro, you need to use the disk that came with the laptop. Retail disk doesn't fit!? At least I found out that the problem is not in the hard drive. Windows 7 is successfully installed on it, and when you try to format the disk into the native mac os file system, the same error occurs. I found a similar problem here otvet.mail.ru/question/169845933