What are the significant differences between IT specialties?

Question

IT education

I live in Ukraine. School graduate. I know mathematics very well and I am fond of programming. Aims to further develop in this area. When choosing a specialty, I faced many directions.

I don't quite understand their differences. For example, Computer Science, Computer Engineering, Software Engineering, System Analysis, Computer System Automation, Software Engineering, Cyber ​​Security, Information Technology, Applied Informatics, etc.

If I'm not mistaken, then where the word "engineering" is present, this specialty is more associated with hardware and low-level programming languages. Correct me if wrong.

Looked educational programs and curricula. Everywhere the same base (Algorithms and data structures, computer architecture, OOP, PL, etc.).
Moreover, the passing scores for the budget for these specialties vary, and vary greatly. The hardest to get into is Computer Science, Software Engineering, Cyber ​​Security. It's just a crazy selection. But the rest is very easy to do. Why such a gap in points? Are high scores justified or are they just hype specialties?
I am also considering Applied Mathematics for admission.
I know that the university gives little and you need to educate yourself. I just want to get a good base and systematize knowledge. And of course useful contacts.

Looking forward to a clear answer to my question.
If it's easy, tell us about your personal experience or the experience of friends.

Thanks in advance.

Answer 1

The names of specialties do not mean anything at all. Check with the Admissions Office for the curriculum.

Answer 2

Training programs for the most part are very different from what happens in real work.
Therefore, choose any institution by location, reviews, and you get just a technical higher education.
And choose the IT sphere according to how you are already developing your own. There must be a hobby, some kind of your own project, or a joint one that you do, in which you participate. You get experience there.
If this is not the case, take an interest in internships - find out what is nearby from large companies that offer internships, find out the requirements, prepare for them.