What are the conditions for using books and other products?

Question

Books

When we wrote abstracts or articles, or maybe any other works, we simply took the necessary books and indicated them in the list of references. And is it legal? Or can I quote some literary book in my work?
Question: under what license (what conditions of use) are fiction, scientific books, textbooks, magazines and newspapers published? But what about the sites if they do not indicate such conditions? And what are the conditions for films - we all know that they cannot be copied, but can you be more specific?

Answer 1

Civil Code of the Russian Federation, Article 1274. Free use of a work for informational, scientific, educational or cultural purposes:
Comment:

Article 1274 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation clearly states for what specific purposes a work can be quoted - for scientific, polemical, critical and informational purposes. The specific volume of permitted quoting of other people's works is not defined by law.
In the event of a dispute between the author of the work and the person citing the work, the issue of violation of the author's rights will be decided by the court, depending on the specific work. In this case, the court will take into account the volume of the quotation both in relation to the work from which the given quotation is taken, and in relation to the work in which it is included.