WD hard drive works in pocket, but inside the computer does not allow the latter to start

Question

Iron

We received an external hard drive as a gift for a Samsung TV. After three weeks of very rare use, when connecting via usb, the file system was crucified, Windows offered to format it, but could not - an error (I didn’t take a screenshot, sorry). Only the removal of the partition and the consciousness of the new one helped. Until the first twist. After connecting and disconnecting - the same trouble. I dismantled the case (by the way, it is disposable, without breaking the latches - you can’t disassemble it). I stuck the disk into a new pocket (another, obviously working one), formatted it, the disk has been working in this state for a week, there are no complaints.
Inside was a WD5000BPVT. Conclusion - gasket-converter SATA-USB - complete slag. The reading speed in a standard carmen was 30 mb / s. in another pocket - 40 mb / s.
But this was not the most disappointing.
When you try to connect the disk directly via sata - the computer does not start. On the first window after checking the memory / disks, the screen turns black, and that's it .. The fans rustle quietly, there is no bios.
I turned it off, put a hot connection in the BIOS on this sata port, booted up, stuck a hard drive - the disk manager sees two pieces - 58.22 RAW and not marked on 407.54.
Question to connoisseurs - what is this beast?
Many hard drives have passed through my hands, but I see this for the first time.
I would still like to use it as an internal one.
I would be sincerely grateful for good advice.
UPD: I heard that a friend of a friend has the same problem.

Answer 1

One or more reasons are possible:
1. The USB hard drive is too powerful.
2. The USB cable is too thin (was it included in the sockets on the board at the back, or in the front ones, which are connected to the board with thin wires?).
3. Not enough voltage + 5V in USB.
Try to connect with an adapter that has an external power supply + 5V on the wire.
If it sees the partitions incorrectly when connected to SATA, kill the wrong ones and create them correctly. This will not affect the USB connection.

Answer 2

Is your computer's power supply not enough?