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RedHat family: Centos, Fedora, Oracle Linux and RHEL proper. They are quoted in a serious enterprise such as banks. A good choice for the future.
Debian family: Debian, Ubuntu, Mint, whatever. They are popular, they have more chewed instructions and other things, they are often found in IT companies (in the same Yandex). A good choice to start.
Arch, Gentoo, Slackware, and the BSD-family there too - the choice of harsh red-eyes. Very informative, but difficult, if not thoughtlessly copy-pasting commands from the wiki, but really delving into.
centos debian
actually this is enough
You can pokolupat exotic
pfsense thinstation and so on to broaden your horizons, but this is just for self-development.
When administering servers, the OS itself does not really affect, you will understand that the difference between all Unix-like systems is insignificant, in fact it all comes down to administering the demons themselves.
But what exactly is interesting for you to administrate here you need to understand that it’s better not to grab onto everything.
If you like networks more, then definitely learn TCP / IP - although it’s generally useful to know them.
Accordingly, firewalls and proxies, etc., etc.
bash is needed in any case, namely stdin stdout stderr - understand how to transfer streams between them. sed find awk cut wc df du will be very helpful.
If the web
then apache + nginx + mysql, etc., it is advisable to start with ready-made solutions like ispconfig3, you will put it a couple of times and it will settle down a little in your head.
In general, first decide on the direction.
And for now it's "I want to become a computer scientist, what should I read"
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