Need clarification on how passwords are transferred from the browser to the server, is it stored on the server, and how is it checked for correctness?

Question

Passwords

Need clarification on how passwords are transferred from the browser to the server, is it stored on the server, and how is it checked for correctness?

Answer 1

how passwords are transferred from the browser to the server

Implementation dependent. It is good practice to pass the password in the body of the request, encrypted (HTTPS)

is it stored on the server and how is its correctness checked?

Implementation dependent. It is considered good practice to hash passwords with some complex hash (SHA-2 512, or better SHA-3 512 + it is still worth salting it, for example using HMAC), and store the hash from the password. Validity, respectively, is checked against the hash, which is calculated on the server upon request.