Multilingual site and search engines?

Question

Search Engine Optimization

How to properly organize the multilingualism of the site so that it has a better effect on search results and positions. In general, the attitude of the search engine to the site. The site is in the .ru domain zone, but an English version for the bourgeoisie is planned.
1. site.ru/en - common content ru and en under one domain, general indexing.
2. en.site.ru - a separate site, separate content.
And what is better for a search engine (Yandex, Google)?

Answer 1

You should start by reading the Google help - many points are well described. There is also a video where Google employee Andrey Lipattsev talks about multilingual sites - a webinar on youtube .
In short, you can choose any option that is convenient for you (subdomain, directory, separate site) - in Google Search Console it is possible to set targeting to a specific country, including for a specific section on the site (for example, /en/).
Be sure to set the hreflang attribute so that Google can better understand the relationship between page versions in different languages.
There is no difference in subdomain/directory ranking, so see which one you can work with the most effectively.
For example, in my practice there was a situation when it was necessary to implement hreflang on a site with 4 language versions, but due to the fact that the URLs for each version differed not only in the directory, but also in the language, the programmers did not immediately manage to set up this matter correctly because for the features of the system. This resulted in additional costs for the company.
ps Bourgeois do not use Yandex, so focus primarily on Google.

Answer 2

the second
is optional - organize the transition between languages ​​​​through JS, Google will put \language versions
+ google webmasters above all syudomena as separate sites with a focus on different countries