MacBook Pro MD101 and sata cables inside?

Question

SATA

Good evening! And above all, Happy Holidays!
Gentlemen, this is the situation. About a month ago, my beloved computer, which has been serving me for the past three years, was updated. I bought a 16Gb (2x8) Corsair Vengeance and a 256Gb Samsung 840 Pro SSD on Amazon.
The whole thing was installed in a laptop and it worked on a new one! About this speed. So, after three weeks, the computer somehow hung up. And this happened due to the fact that I worked in a virtual machine, closing it, I see that all the memory has leaked somewhere. Well, I typed sudo purge -s in the terminal to clear the memory without rebooting it. Well, too lazy, yes, it was reset to press.
And then he hung up! Tightly. Without much delay, he pressed the off button and the machine turned off. Four seconds later, turn it on. He showed me a crossed out sign - refused to boot. After a short test, it turned out that the system flatly refuses to see the SSD (and it stood in the place of the former HDD, the latter was moved to the place of the DVD).
Then I decided to throw them in places and oh, Gods, the computer started working. The bottom line is that the SATA cable may simply not see the hard drive. Therefore, now the SSD is connected in the box where the DVD used to be, and the HDD space is empty due to its inoperability.
Somehow I was able to describe the situation, but I don’t understand at all what can be done so that the second screw from the inside can continue to work. My assumption so far boils down to the fact that when installing new equipment, I could somehow ruin the SATA cable. So I decided to order a new cable from Amazon.
Now the question is for you, gentlemen, what is this happening at all? How can you find out what happened and how to fix it?
// update: put the old (native, that is) hard drive in its rightful place, the system saw it and then I should have turned on the music in iTunes, it hung again;
// after the reboot, it became clear that the screw was simply "lost"; and now it doesn't work inside again;
// while connected it via USB.

Answer 1

Faced the same problem.
This happened a year after the replacement.
Problem: The SATA cable from the motherboard to the hard drive burns out, this happens at the fold.
Solution: replace the cable.