Literature for understanding programming?

Question

Books

I decided to start the long-delayed Computer Science education for more successful education in the IT master's degree after the economic bachelor's degree.
The Internet prompted me to start learning from the basics of programming in Python (I refer to https://proglib.io/p/cs-learning/ ), since English-language courses are not fully suitable, I found Mark Lutz's basic textbook "Learning Python" on other resources - 4 edition - in it the author says that he does not make any requirements for readers, however, he makes a remark, saying - we will study the basics of programming in the Python language, and not the basics of programming in principle (not a quote).
In general, to a question that one way or another was raised in some way more than once, but still I did not find an exact answer. Tell me a universal (preferably without reference to the language) and fundamental book (preferably) or courses on the basics of programming (not CS50), which would be quite relevant now and meet the requirements of theoretically oriented education. The main goal of the process itself is to close the knowledge gap.
UPD: https://habr.com/post/135897/ - will these books be useful for understanding the basics?

Answer 1

For me, the most useful, in this regard, were:

1. "Code. The secret language of computer science" (Charles Petzold). You can start with chapter 9 "Behind the beat";
   
2. Programming: an introduction to the profession. Volume 1: az ... (distributed in electronic form for free. www.stolyarov.info/books/pdf/progintro_vol1.pdf ).
   + It was not superfluous, for me personally, to read some chapters from the books "Computer Architecture" (E. Tanenbaum, T. Austin) and "Modern Operating Systems" (E. Tanenbaum, H. Bos).

Answer 2

Bjorn Stroustrup - Programming. Principles and p...

Answer 3

As mentioned above, the most fundamental book of the SICR. Our project has a selection of just such books ru.hexlet.io/pages/recommended-books. They cover almost all the necessary aspects and some of them intersect with what is recommended here and on the indicated links.
If you start learning right from scratch, then I recommend our free system http://code-basics.ru, python is not really there yet, but we are in the process of adding it. The main feature is that in addition to theory, there is also practice, which is performed immediately online.

Answer 4

And why did the CS50 not suit you? Have you already passed it? It is fully translated into Russian and is not at all bad as an introductory one. You should not get attached to any language while you are studying exactly the basics, although I agree with Anton Fedoryan that Stroustrup is suitable in this regard. In fact, if you want the basics, then these are data structures, as well as working with these same data structures, i.e. algorithms + it does not hurt to know how a computer / OS / network works in principle from the inside, these will be the basics. Next comes languages, approaches in these very languages, and their areas of application, and so on.

Answer 5

The basics of programming can be fully expressed in terms of the basics of any programming language, i.e. these are functions, loops, some data structures, conditional statements, error handling, etc.
Read Lutz further, as the book progresses, you will understand the basics of programming.

Answer 6

Start by learning design patterns
A book on design patterns?

Answer 7

Object-Oriented Design of Software Systems,
Bertrand Meyer

Answer 8

I understood from Stephen Prat's book "The C++ Programming Language". Although he is about C ++, the principles of programming on his examples are very clear.