How to start learning about client-server web application development?

Question

JavaScript

Greetings! Learned the basics of Javascript. Now I want to start learning about web development itself.
I 100% choose Node.js as a backend technology, as it is a worthy solution even for many AAA projects. And my goal is just prototyping my own ideas and doing things for myself, and there is no point in wasting time learning another PL.
At the time of writing this question, I have already spent 10 hours on node.js. But in the end I just got confused. Because there are so many plugins and solutions here, and their implementation is slightly different, which does not allow me to see any relationships.
I have in terms of the first two ideas for training:
1) make an API web application where there will be a database of restaurants and their profiles, entering data into the database through the application interface, searching the restaurant database and displaying results using a search filter;
2) a type of dating site where you can register, log in, fill out your profile, add an avatar, and a general chat room with a list of users online.
And I don't even know where to start. A bunch of different examples with Express, with Restify, with Fastify, with Mysql Postgres, MongoDB databases. Also, I do not understand at what stage to approach the study of such issues as caching, authorization, registration.
I would like to choose such a stack of tools so that there are no extra bells and whistles, and so that I don’t have to change them later and learn something else, since these tools “turned out to be not very good”.
In what order should I start learning all the necessary aspects in order to consistently implement the ideas described?
For example, first - understand how to make GET, POST requests, and so on ... and then?
Maybe I should go through some general web development topics (not related to Javascript)?
I mean the order of these topics for self-study.

Answer 1

Learned the basics of Javascript

I choose Node.js as it is a worthy solution even for many AAA projects

Brave claim.
I think you should watch a couple of YouTube videos about developing a full-stack application on some React + Node + Mongo. There are quite a few of them. They are all plus or minus about the same thing. Enough to understand the general concept.

Answer 2

What did you want? Universal standard? Do you know how many new products for js appear per year?
Specific tools are suitable for specific tasks. Specific tools require specific requests from you. For specific requests, specific knowledge of the fundamentals is needed.
There are two more options: choose from what is advised and choose from sympathy for the name / description.
And the order is as follows: the Internet, computer networks, client-server architecture of the application, databases, system administration basics, web development (front, back and software serving all this), web application architecture, programming
Dig information on each topic from the order until you can:
A) answer your own topic
or
B) conduct a monologue on any of these topics for at least 5 minutes
Well, this is all a structured version. And if in simple words - vidos, articles, read all self-lessons and tutorials, and, God forbid, in two weeks you throw something out of your plan in the form of an acceptable prototype.

Answer 3

I would like to choose such a stack of tools so that there are no extra bells and whistles, and so that I don’t have to change them later and learn something else, since these tools “turned out to be not very good”.

And this is the only right way in this situation, if you want to become a developer, and not a half-time pilkin.
You learn technologies and begin to understand them. The main thing is not to "jump" from one technology before you are 100% sure that the functionality is not implemented in it.