How to solve the login (authentication) problem in Debian?

Question

Debian

Hello!
I installed debian 10, used it for a day, and I got the "update" window, I clicked update and I got an error and I clicked OK.
Also, I could not create folders and I reassigned the rights for the user with the command.
sudo chown -R user:user /home/user/
After that, I rebooted the system, the user authorization window appears and when you enter a 100% correct password, the screen turns black for a couple of seconds, and then the authorization window appears again.

What I did: I
pressed ctrl+alt+F2 and changed the sudo passwd password, it doesn't help at all.
DE - GNOME
I met something similar on the ubuntu forums where they suggested deleting the authorization.
Tell me how to solve the problem?