How to remove duplicate pages in search engine results?

Question

Search Engine Optimization

Guys, help me figure it out

. This is the situation, all categories of the site are listed without canonicals, which is why there are a huge number of duplicates.
How to catch the desired canonical value from the url (optional)?
There is the following url:
https://sayt.ru/catalog/1/page=2/
https://sayt.ru/catalog/1/order=named/page=2/
Required value:

<link href="https://sayt.ru/catalog/1/" rel="canonical">

I read various forums and articles on Habré, but I did not find a solution to this particular problem.

Answer 1

It all depends on the technical part, the engine, the framework.
In the simplest case, the current URL without domain and protocol is in the variable $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']
For https://sayt.ru/catalog/1/page=2/
$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'] = '/catalog/1/page=2/ ';
For https://sayt.ru/catalog/1/order=named/page=2/

$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'] = '/catalog/1/order=named/page=2/ ';

That is, your problem can be solved as follows: if we see the /catalog/ID/ scheme in the url, then based on this we form the correct canonical url.
You can do this with a regular expression, for example.
It is assumed that in $rel_canonical we get the correct url that you then display on the page.

<?php
$rel_canonical = '';
if(preg_match('!^/catalog/([0-9]+)!si', $_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'], $out))
{
    $rel_canonical = "https://sayt.ru/catalog/{$out[1]}/";
}

//$rel_canonical выводим на странице

Answer 2

1) put redirects (or 403/404 but better redirects)
2) write a canonical
3) remove them from the sitemap
wait (you can "ask" Yandex to speed up the removal)