How to properly place duplicate pages on the site?

Question

Search Engine Optimization

The online store has a catalog and a subdirectory in it. And there is a certain product that should be available both in the general catalog and in the subdirectory.

The question arises: how to make the url and breadcrumbs for the page of this product? For example, you can make it available at two urls from different directories:
каталог/подкаталог/товар,
каталог/товар,
but in my opinion it is incorrect to duplicate the same page.

You can make the product available only by URL каталог/подкаталог/товар, both from the catalog and from the subdirectory. But then there will be incorrect breadcrumbs (when navigating from a directory and not from a subdirectory, the url will be the same and, therefore, there will be breadcrumbs too каталог/подкаталог/товар, which can confuse the user) .

How to solve such a problem?

Answer 1

The product must have a "Main catalog" to which it belongs.
For example, the main URL of a product is "catalog/subcatalogue/product" and it doesn't matter which distributor you go to the product page with, the path will be "catalogue" or "catalog/subcatalogue" or even "promotions/super offers" the address of the product page should always be one and the same (since duplicates are evil).
Even if the product is in several categories, for example "catalog/subcatalog1" and "catalog/subcatalog2", the address should not change.

Answer 2

Plus to the previous answer, I’ll add on my own that breadcrumbs should not be tied to the url, and it’s better to put all the products in a separate directory, for example, / product / or / product /. Thus, you will not dilute the crawling budget for goods (unless, of course, your product demand prevails over category demand).