How to organize one workspace for 5 or more devices?

Question

Work organization

Colleagues, I ask for your advice on the organization of the workspace. So, there is a certain set of computers (two of mine, one for my mother, one for my girlfriend, several at work in different branches, etc.). I would like to somehow organize the workspace (IDE, text editor, file managers, various utilities and settings for all these programs) in such a way as to be able to work from a large number of devices in the same environment with the same settings and parameters and at the same time, so that synchronization occurs automatically as needed.
That is, I worked in the office, I came home, turned on my laptop, and everything was already synchronized there, including changed program settings, files, and everything else. On the weekend, for example, I went to a girl, something urgently needed for work - I turn on her computer and get my already familiar development environment with all the settings and parameters. I urgently needed to go to the office, drove in, turned on the office laptop, a few minutes of manipulation, and now I have all my programs, utilities, files, etc. needed for work.
At one time I tried to solve this problem with the help of portable versions of the software and carry it all on a flash drive with me, but as practice has shown, this is inconvenient, a flash drive can get lost and die at the most inopportune moment.
Now I understand that this should be somehow tied to synchronization through the clouds, for example, but I still don’t have a clear idea.
I also want to note that some of the computers are rather weak (like the core i3 of 2013 with 4 GB of memory) and therefore I'm not sure that the option with virtual machines and image synchronization via the cloud will work fine.
On the required machines Windows 7, 8.1 and 10. The software used in the work: Visual Studio, Photoshop, Sublime Text, Far Manager, Node.js, LAMP, Python, Git, plus all sorts of little things.
What do you advise? Maybe there are already some ready-made solutions?

Answer 1

Remote connection to a computer where the entire environment is configured.
Optimal for Windows - VPN + RDP.

Answer 2

Get yourself a laptop and work everywhere on it ...

Answer 3

Option with "portable" programs, but in the cloud, not an option? :)

Answer 4

If VS is not used for Sharp, first of all throw it out the window and breathe a sigh of relief.
Then look after the cloud storage for what is processed by Photoshop - if everything is serious there, then synchronizing it all every time is simply ridiculous.
There will be source codes that can lie in any cloud or be processed by an online IDE ... finally, they are simply synchronized in seconds by the same Git.