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How to merge two networks into one?
There is an Internet coming via ADSL after the modem, there is a gateway with 2 network cards, which receives an external ip from the modem and already gives an internal ip (from the network 192.168. and from this switch there is still one router that changes the network to 10.0.0.1 with a mask of 255.255.255.0 so that they cannot be accessed from the network environment, and there is a computer at the other end of the building (long distance) which must also be put into the network 10.0.0.1, but it's currently connected to the 192.168.10.1 network. how it is implemented, I can’t imagine what queries to search for)
gateway: OS Debian 7
computers: OS windows 7 or XP or server 2008
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If I understand correctly, your remote computer is connected to the switch from which there is then a second router for another network. It may be the easiest way for you to extend the cable to the switch of the second router. Although this is very bad advice and you obviously need to sit down and redo the network.
I think you will not be very offended if I, with my charter, go to a strange monastery.
I would put the ADSL modem in bridge mode and NAT it on the debian machine. Practice shows that ADSL modems are only happy about this. Moreover, on debian you can already make a shaper, block unnecessary sites, put a proxy, take statistics, etc. Next, you have two networks. Maybe you should remove one router, add a network card to debian and do routing between networks on it? Moreover, I doubt that machines from 10.xxx do not have access to 192.xxx. As another option that requires some cash investment. You can buy an L2 + switch that will take over the routing between the 192.xxx and 10.xxx networks, although if there are not many machines, then you should not bother.
Have you heard of managed switches?
They will allow you to throw out the intermediate router and start it completely separately on the server through one network card two+ networks
I'm not sure I understood the question.
change the address on the interface from 192.168.10.X to 10.0.0.X
1. you can try to throw the computer with a VLAN, but for this you need your router with 10.0.0.1 to support them.
2. Install a managed switch, for example, mikrotik, and remove the 10.0.0.1 router, then you can manage ports and configure subnets as you like and forward traffic between them, if necessary.
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