How to describe data structure transformation?

Question

API

Example, we need to make an API request. We have a set of data, card number, phone, address and so on.
Let's say one API accepts data in the form:

<card>345354345</card>
<phone>456456456</phone>
<address>dgfdgdfgf</address>

Another needs only the card number and it is called differently:
<card_number>345354345</card_number>
The third one has the main field, and all the rest are required, but not the main ones, and the field names are also different:

<pay_to>345354345</pay_to>
<extra>
<call_to>456456456</call_to>
<location>dgfdgdfgf</location>
</extra>

The fourth additional data is expected in the form of attribute values:

<card>345354345</card>
<extra phone="456456456" address="dgfdgdfgf">

And the fifth has two main parameters:

<main>
<pay_to>345354345</pay_to>
<pay_to_alter>676556767</pay_to_alter>
</main>
<extra>
<call_to>456456456</call_to>
<location>dgfdgdfgf</location>
</extra>

All this is not necessarily xml, it is both json and yaml and whatever.
The question is - how can we describe the information we have and how to describe its transformations, so that without unnecessary headaches when a new sophisticated format appears, it can be described without changing the source data and without changing the code?
What are the common solutions for this?

Answer 1

IMHO, the best option is to provide for the connection of plugin libraries, from the side of your application, receiving and issuing data in a single format for the application, and exchanging with third-party APIs in their format.