How to debug encoding problem?

Question

PHP

I load csv via phpmyadmin (via csv load data)
I get cracks. Everywhere. From an ssh request.
From a web request and from data in phpmyadmin.
By coding, I read many examples of solutions, but all cases are special.
Is there a way to identify problems?
For example, here are kryakozyabry.
Prim - in Russian this word is "prim".
Although I downloaded in a similar way earlier and there were no problems.
What do I have.
CSV in notepad++ shows utf8
mysql -u root -p -e "show variables like '%character%'" returns
+------------------------- --+---------------------+
| variable_name | value |
+--------------------+--------------------- ------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------+--------------------- ------+
Mysql_query("SET NAMES utf8");
Zayuzal even !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
with lines
[mysqld]
default-character-set=utf8
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
Sometimes even empty strings are loaded instead of Cyrillic, and numbers are loaded. Where to start tell me.

Answer 1

csv itself in what encoding?

Answer 2

look at the encoding of specific fields in the table just in case.
upd if csv and base are not secret - upload somewhere, it's hard to say without looking

Answer 3

notepad++ says csv is in utf8.
All fields in the table are set as utf8_general_ci