How to convert an image into a vector drawing while maintaining dimensions?

Question

Vector graphics

I am new to vector graphics.
The task is simple, there is a certain detail, it can be scanned or photographed, how to create a vector drawing from a picture using, for example, Inkscape or similar tools.
To save the size, apparently, you need to attach a ruler or photograph using graph paper as a background (substrate).
In general, the approach is clear to me, but there are no details yet.
Are there any tutorials or videos?