How to block ads on your VPS?

Question

Ad blocking

Now I have my own server, it has ad blocking set up at the dns level (software like AdGuard, Pi-Hole), but one question arose. Browser plugins cut ads not only by not allowing loading from certain domains, but also by cutting them out of the html page. Is there any similar software to put it on your server and so that it cuts ads from my traffic in the same way?
I understand that for https you will have to decrypt and encrypt traffic back, this is not critical, but what kind of software is capable of this? For Windows, I once used Ad-Muncher, a handy thing, but for a server on Linux, what can I put?