How to assign categories to posts and output to several identical archive.php?

Question

motherboards

How (and is it possible) to display on the archive page from each heading its own categories of items without a plugin. Considering that there are a lot of categories and there is no possibility to create a category-....php with a unique category number for all pages.
If you need a plugin, please advise.
Now all positions are displayed together regardless of the category name in the link.

Answer 1

Take number 3.