How legal are callback services?

Question

Law in IT

Hello.
Today, callback services in the style of "We'll call you back in 15 seconds" are very popular.
As a rule, 99% of them do not have communication licenses and refer to the fact that they do not need licenses, since they are partners of IP telephony providers who have a license.
Can anyone explain in detail if they are right or not? Most likely they pass data through their servers using IP telephony channels from third-party providers such as MTT, Mango and the like. Doesn't this require a license to transmit voice information?

Answer 1

In our country, the regulatory authorities are not interested in the availability of licenses until damage has been caused.
You can trade vodka from under the floor, until someone drips into the organs, no one fusses.

Answer 2

I don’t know about your case, but at the beginning of the century (15 years ago), the population used dial up connections to access the Internet. Telephone communication was often charged on a "time-based basis" (like a ruble per minute). And so that those who like to hang out on telephone modems on the Internet for a long time do not suffer financially, a callback was set up on the operator’s modems (callback to the user), in which there was no billing (because there was an incoming call for the user).
There were legal entities (not telecom operators) who (having bought a modem pool, an Internet channel, and access to the telephone network) issued cards for accessing the Internet according to this scheme and they covered themselves with agency agreements with a telecom operator + they had certified equipment located on the nodes communications that were handed over and accepted by RosSvyazNadzor. Everything is legal. I think it's the same now.

Answer 3

Not all paid services require a license. The list of services is finite and is contained in the regulations. If you will be billed for minutes of a telephone connection - a license. If a callback service or software rental (PBX) is written to make a callback, then a license is not required.
That is, there are two options for bypassing the license:
1. Provide a service subject to a license for free, and take money for something else.
2. Name the service so that it does not fall into the list of licensed ones.

Answer 4

It all depends on the service construction scheme, or rather, on the switching point and access to the PSTN (public switched telephone network).
If the client uses the channels received by him from a licensed operator that switches to the PSTN, then the service does not need a license.
If the service provides its own interconnect service, then it must either have a license or be a representative of the licensee. And this design must be clearly spelled out in the agreement or offer, with the number of the license, its holder, and the attorney's agreement.