How is a more capacious new battery charged in technology?

Question

Headphones

Good afternoon!
I have problems with knowledge in electronics and electrical engineering, but I have direct hands)
There are several questions:
The battery in my Logitech H600 headphones is dead, it does not charge at all, I want to replace it with a new and more capacious one. As far as I've seen and dealt with myself, Logitech has a battery, it's a lion battery with a controller soldered to it, from which a connector goes to the device.
It’s not clear to me how the device understands that a new, more capacious battery needs to be charged more, it’s more capacious, but in my situation, I’ll solder the controller from my native battery to a new one.
The fact is that a similar problem was with a small copter, I bought a battery with a controller, it seems that both the capacity and voltage are correct and the seller wrote that everything is fine, but when I connected the battery, the copter board warmed up wildly and it went off, the problem was solved only when I soldered the native controller to a new battery.
The second question is this, I wanted to insert wires into the battery connector and screw them into the lii-100 to try to revive the battery.
This is barbarism, but I don’t have imax, or anything like that))) But it’s embarrassing that there are 3 wires coming from the controller, plus minus and probably ground)
Actually, if I do this, ignoring the ground, will the battery explode or is it okay?

Answer 1

Here is a complete list of the functions of the Lithium Ion Battery Controller:
1. Do not allow it to charge above the set value (risk of bloating and fire).
2. Do not let it discharge below the set value (it is fraught with loss of capacity).
3. Limit the charge and discharge current (current protection is a standard option for almost any power circuit, and for batteries this is also fraught with a decrease in service life).
4. In batteries of many consecutive cells - battery balancing, i.e. bringing all elements to the same state (eliminating the spread of parameters). Because a battery lasts as long as its weakest cell, balancing allows it to last longer.
5. Sometimes (for example, in laptops) it also monitors the temperature (respectively, protection against overheating) and transfers information about the state of the battery to where they are interested (in the OS).
(However, there are simplified controllers that provide only a part of the listed options.)
These reference values ​​​​are hardwired into the controller during its manufacture, occasionally in the most complex controllers they are allowed to be adjusted. Their value is determined by the type of battery chemistry. Say, according to paragraph 1 for LiIon, this is 4.15 V, for LiPo - 4.2 V, for LiFe - 3.6 V, according to paragraph 2, respectively, 2.9, 3.0 and 2.0 V. Having rearranged this controller from one battery to another of the same type , we will not spoil anything, but we must not forget about item 3 - they may have different protection currents.
In your case, the controller can be safely transferred, since you are not going to take more current from a more capacious battery.
Your second question is vaguely worded. I can only say that the third contact there is informational, and you can safely ignore it. If you want to "raise" a dead lithium, you can at your own peril and risk first try to charge it with a charger for two consecutive NiMhs.

Answer 2

Thanks everyone for the info!
In general, I will buy a new battery)
What I did: I dismantled the battery, inserted it into the pins from red and black through the wire, before that I checked the polarity with a half-dead multimeter, I stuck the wires in Lii-100 for plus and minus. The charger immediately said that I had everything charged, put the acc into the headphones, they died again, put it into the Lii-100, he said that the battery was empty)) The charger with the function of the can, I tried to use the led flashlight, it immediately dies)
In general , I think that for 2-3 years of a 240 mah battery with daily use, a banal death has come.
Thank you for your explanations, I will know why this board is on a battery, and the experiment was successful, the battery did not catch fire from my barbarism.