How does donat work in the west?

Question

Monetization

I understand that the question may not be entirely for that audience, but maybe someone knows:
1) Through which systems the donation goes, for example, to YouTube bloggers who see donations during broadcasts
2) How do payment systems treat such transfers
3) Do they pay tax on donations?
In eng. the stack will ban such a question as non-thematic or is there a chance?

Answer 1

1) Through what systems does the donation go, for example, to YouTube bloggers who see donations during broadcasts

As I understand it, PayPal is the most common among them. In general, any payment system has an API, using which you can implement the display of donation messages.
Just like the rest.
I do not know for sure. but I think they pay.