How do you transfer your customized OS for years to a new purchased computer? What are your favorite programs?

Question

linux

Guys, I'm in the 11th grade .. I want to be an IT specialist .. I haven't decided on the direction yet .. Share your experience in these matters .. I want to make my own fighting machine so to speak .. Basic with all programs, settings, plugins. and for Linux.
1) You have an OS system that has been customized for you for years, with all the settings programs .. Tell me how you transfer it if you buy a new computer / laptop ..?
2) If it's Windows and if it's Linux.
3) Share your list of time-tested programs that work for you on Windows? And for Linux?
4) Can you share your must have list of Chrome and Mozilla extension plugins?
5) You have a flash drive with Linux OS, for example, and there so that all programs work their own .. When you need to work and find yourself at someone else's computer? What programs are there and how to make such a flash drive?

Answer 1

I suffered from this in the days of XP, since it was rather dreary to roll everything, and even then things were not very good with the Internet.
And now 90% of the needs are covered by standard programs, and what is included in 10% is set in 30 minutes.

Answer 2

I use Linux. I wrote a script in Bash that installs all the programs I need and pulls up the configs

Answer 3

1. On a new computer - I usually rearrange the disk from the old one without forgetting to check the licenses of the purchased software products and update them if necessary.
2. If a new disk - I make a copy of the disk image to a new disk.
3. Each PC user has his own goals. Therefore, the list of programs will be completely useless without the goals you have voiced.
4. Each browser user has their own goals. Therefore, the list of plugins will be completely useless without the goals you have voiced. I advise you to create an account right away and synchronize all settings via the cloud.
5. https://www.pendrivelinux.com/ And finally, the MAIN BONUS : https://github.com/vboxme/Portable-VirtualBox

Answer 4

Take it all and tear it all down and start from scratch.

Answer 5

1. For some time now, I have basically stopped customizing environments, or doing it very carefully and as a last resort. Just because when a lot of working machines appeared, it became too costly to do it (or not to do it and suffer from standard settings), it became difficult to understand what broke after the update - your unusual customization or is it a problem in the mainstream. And so, Bash or Ansible save a little.

Answer 6

System settings and the list of necessary programs are a purely individual matter. But we can recommend a few general approaches for Windows.
1. Plugins in browsers sync perfectly when using an account. With a fresh installation, for example Chrome, after logging in with your account, all extensions are automatically installed. Of course, if checkboxes are set in the browser account synchronization settings
2. Windows has the so-called portable software, i.e. programs (or their modified versions) that do not require installation. There are shells for convenient organization of such programs, for example Portable Apps. Actually, such software was invented for transferring between systems (such as on a flash drive or an external drive), but nothing prevents you from installing them on a non-system drive and using them in everyday work. Rearranging the system in this case is greatly simplified. The only thing I recommend is to install the main programs (such as browsers) in the usual way.
3. If you wish, you can deal with the mechanisms of automatic installation and configuration. As a result, a script should appear, after launching which the system will be ready for work on a freshly installed Windows. For study, I can recommend boxstarter - a kind of wrapper over a wrapper over a package manager for Windows (boxstarter -> chocolatey -> nuget). Welcome to the world of powershell

Answer 7

Installing an IDE and a couple of other programs is not a problem. Projects will come from git. The entire working environment is in a virtual machine, so you only need to install virtualbox.

Answer 8

There was a frequent change of a working computer - laptops, moving, etc.
Therefore, I came to the conclusion that the system should be as simple as possible in content.
Chrome + PHPSTORM + Sublime + web server + KeepPass + a couple of programs for screenshots and screencasts
everything is easily assembled by hand in half an hour + the same for Windows and Linux
Via Vagrant

Answer 9

Guys, I'm in the 11th grade .. I want to be an IT specialist .. I haven't decided on the direction yet ..

You are already late with the choice, now the development is valued more if you look at the RFP. Let's say a programmer + a doctor, this is almost the most valuable specialist on the market, since the next at least 5 years is likely to be longer, devices aimed at monitoring health, etc. will be actively developed. But in general, with the ever stronger penetration of IT into different industries, IT specialists (programmer) + some kind of technical specialization will be valued. Do not look in the direction of enikeys and system administrators (the system administrator himself), these are slowly dying professions.
The Windows To Go Files and Settings Transfer Wizard
will probably still do everything you need on a USB flash drive

Answer 10

I think over time the newly purchased computer will remain only for those places in our country where there are big questions about telecommunications and the new computer will be a new virtual machine in the cloud, you will simply buy more resources for it. But even with a home computer, if the future is seen in conjunction with IT, it is worth getting a white IP and throwing access to it from the outside. Then you can sit somewhere with a tablet and manage all this wealth ....
My version for an architect-developer under windows)):
1. Packages for organizing documents, mail clients, mRemote, file manager.
2. Apache Tomcat/TomEE/GlassFish
3. IntelligeIDEA with plugins for Python, Perl, PHP, Ruby
4. oracle Virtual Box (on separate virtual machines with CentOS DBMS mysQL, Postgre, Oracle, Vertica, Mongo; RabbitMQ)

Answer 11

1.2) Plug the HDD, the basic drivers will pull themselves up. And then reinstall them on the chipset and the necessary devices. Well, or make a disk image and untie it from the hardware. Although I have all the files on my cloud (NextCloud), and the program settings are not so important.
3) WhireShark, Putty, winSCP, MS Visio, viktoria HDD, 3cxphone for windows, Mozilla, Far Manager, Total Uninstall Professional, Telegram, teamviewer, notepad++
4) AddBlock, FriGate
5) There is no such flash drive, I'm not paranoid. If you need to work - there is a laptop. If I'm using a browser on someone else's computer, I usually just open it incognito. Regarding the creation of "such" flash drives, then you are on any tracker. It describes in detail how to create a LiveCD. But there are so many of them that choose the one that suits you and use it.

Answer 12

Too lazy to do the same job several times? The right approach for a real IT specialist.
But ..
There are a lot of ways to roll a new OS + Application set, and none is perfect.
However, for a single migration, the surest way is dd and its analogues for Windows (Acronis DiskDirector).
But ..
A couple of months ago I tried to migrate "losslessly" from WinXP to Win10. I tried this and that .. As a result, it turned out that you put a bare AXIS, you put the very first one, the rest - as needed. And none of the carefully saved (installed software) was needed.
Files/docs/repo, of course, just copied to the new drive.

Answer 13

1. You don't need to transfer everything. You only need to transfer documents, savers, and other data. You can’t transfer system settings in Windows, and it’s useful for her to set everything up again. True, this rarely happens - once every few years. You just need to use the system disk exactly as a system disk, do not store anything personal on it in order to format it painlessly (well, except for reinstalling Windows).
2. In linux it's even easier - backup /etc, /usr/local/etc (if any) and homework, well, /var can still be in pieces
3. Everyone has their own set
4. AdBlock, NoScript, Blur, Flash & Video Downloader, Download Statusbar, Classic Theme Restorer, Better Privacy, Firebug, FireFTP
5. I don't have "foreign" computers - they are all mine :)

Answer 14

1) You have an OS system that has been customized for you for years, with all the settings programs .. Tell me how you transfer it if you buy a new computer / laptop ..?

I set up for myself what is basic. I install programs as needed, I needed Photoshop then and installed it, it makes sense to install it immediately after installation if you need it in 3 months.
This is for everyone individually, for some, even MS Office is not needed.
Except for the flash and some specific ones, I can say I don’t use it at all.
When I studied at the university, I went with a flash drive on which there was a qip. After I finished, I stopped suffering from it at all, since basically other people's PCs already have the programs you need

Answer 15

Replacing the SSD. If this cannot be done (there were different interfaces), I do dd.

Answer 16

Usually everything is in the repositories, and the configs of the configured programs are not difficult to copy.

Answer 17

Just copy the disk image.
Ghostom, somehow, for example.

Answer 18

Make sector-by-sector copies of disks, and then roll them onto a new computer. All. The best solutions are always the simplest.

Answer 19

For Linux, clonezilla is convenient, it has been tested for years: LiveUSB clonezilla + extern USB HDD of sufficient capacity.
- booted from LiveUSB on the old one,
- connected an external USB HDD,
- uploaded the disk image of the old computer to it,
- turned it off.
- booted from LiveUSB on a new
one - connected an external USB HDD,
- restored the disk image of the old computer from it to the disk of the new
one - turned it off
- disconnected everything from the new one, started the new computer
Everything. The whole procedure max. 30 minutes. If it is possible to remove the old disk and connect it directly to the new computer, then it is 2 times faster;)
The only thing is: the disk on the new computer must be the same or larger than on the old one .

Answer 20

tar -cjvpf file.tar.bz2 ./* this is how I migrate the whole system.