How do decentralized cryptocurrency networks ensure connection anonymity?

Question

Computer networks

In my free time, I am developing a primitive PoS blockchain for educational purposes. Faced with the problem of connecting to peers that are outside the local network, I wrote a simple echo server with a static public IP, to which each node sends its current public IP and, accordingly, from this server all nodes receive an array with IPs of all network members.
The method is obviously never anonymous, and the question arose: How do serious blockchains, the same bitcoin, ether, get around this problem? Even if you encrypt the addresses, having the source code, anyone can track which IPs the connection goes to (If we talk about my implementation, I still don’t dare to dig into the bitcoin sources)

Answer 1

The blockchain does not in any way protect the privacy of IP addresses and wallet addresses of recipients.
All participants exchange unconfirmed transactions in random order and at different times.
To calculate the IP address of the sender, you need to have access to the logs of all participants, which is a very difficult task, comparable to identifying the Tor network.

Answer 2

How do serious blockchains, such as bitcoin, ether, get around this problem?

Only in words.