Can Yandex or Google recognize domain owners in bulk (affiliate filter)?

Question

Google

Greetings
Yesterday I read somewhere that Yandex can ban one of the sites of one owner, if he has several sites on the same subject and leaves only one in the search results, or even filters everything. Many people write that one of the criteria is the data on the owner from Whois.
And the question is this: if the owner’s data is hidden in Whois, and in the .ru zone it seems that they can be hidden immediately during registration, and one of the criteria for the affiliate filter is the owner’s data, at least that’s how many people write, then is the registrar really domain names leaks all the data or does Yasha have some other secret technologies for obtaining data about the owner from Whois? If Yasha still somehow receives this data, is it legal?

Answer 1

Well, let's start with the fact that the owner of the domain can be hidden....

Answer 2

The chance to get an affiliate filter depends very little on the domain owner. In my practice, there were cases when sites lived on the same hosting, on the same domain registrar, on the same metric and VM with the same theme and did not receive an affiliate.
The easiest way to catch him is if you specify the same contacts, addresses, numbers. Then, by knocking from competitors, you will get a filter.
Ideally, of course, you need to do everything for different people on different hostings, etc. But then decide for yourself whether you need this hemorrhoids.

Answer 3

Google is officially a registrar, if so