Can a system installed on a flash drive infect the main machine?

Question

Malware

I installed kali linux on a flash drive and I would like to know if a virus from OC on a flash drive can spread to the main machine under win 10 when connected. I know that there is a virtualBox in which you can isolate the system from the main one and do whatever you want with it, but does it work with OC on a USB stick. I heard that when tails is started, the system cannot get infected from the PC and therefore all passwords are safe, but what about other systems and in which direction isolation / protection works, if any.
PS when I started kali linux, there were directories with my hard drives on the desktop. I created a notepad and copied to this directory. After starting win 10 (the main system), the document was on the same hard drive. Is it fixed?

Answer 1

Theoretically, it's possible. When Kali is launched from usb flash, it will have access to the built-in HDD, it can mount it and work with the data on the HDD.