You can track a smartphone that is turned on, if there is no SIM card in the phone, can it be tracked?

Question

Mobile devices

For example, if a person is in development.
Track the smartphone is turned on, if there is no SIM card in the phone, can it be tracked?
Wi-Fi is also disabled and the SIM card is removed from the phone, can you track the place?
I found out here that if you turn off the phone, but leave the SIM card in the phone, then by cell you can track the place where the phone is located. So I think if you take out the SIM card, turn off the Wi-Fi, but turn on the phone, can it really track the place where the phone is?
I would appreciate any answers on this matter.

Answer 1

It can be enabled if connected to the Internet. You can also see the last point where it was connected to the net. see akak.pro/kak-najti-i-zablokirovat-uteryannyj-andro...

Answer 2

If there is no SIM card in the device, but the cellular communication module is enabled, then the phone can register in the network and, accordingly, become known to the operator's equipment there. (At the same time, the phone can show anything on the screen - as if there is no connection or show the reception scale - without guarantees).
Registration to the network without a SIM card is possible for making emergency calls. By itself, a cell phone is a radio transmitter and its operation in communication networks can be detected by listening to the radio, and the location can be calculated from the signal level at base stations (this is how the Search / Locator service works) or direction finding by radiation, for example, as shown in the film about Stirlitz.
In my opinion, this is even a requirement of cellular communication standards.
You can check this - pull out the SIM card and try to call 112.