Windows: black icons, what's the problem?

Question

Windows

Either after changing the RAM, or after some other action, my computer began to blunt.
Either the icons turn black (below the screen), then the screen itself becomes dark, closes all programs and after a while it may come to its senses, or it may not (Ctrl + Alt + Delete either work or not)
Sometimes some large programs (photoshop, android studio, etc.) can just stupidly close .

I would be sooooo grateful if someone could help me with this.
Computer data:

Answer 1

1. Clear the Windows icon cache:
del /a %userprofile%\AppData\Local\
IconCache.db some new motherboards do not even have such an item, for some reason).
3. Check for viruses