Why is Arduino int 2 bytes and not 4?

Question

Arduino

I'm used to the fact that all languages ​​have int 4 bytes and have a dimension of -2 147 483 648 to 2 147 483 647, but after looking at the documentation I saw that arduino has 2 bytes and the range is -32.768 to 32.767. It has something to do with the processor architecture.

Answer 1

It's not about the language, but about the C++ standard (on which the Arduino Wiring is based), which assumes the type is intequal to some size, depending on the target platform :
The reason is the optimal size of the type for the processor.
With a high degree of probability, the sizes of other types also differ there, including pointers ( void*).

Answer 2

Really got used to it. The C++ standard only regulates the minimum value ranges for types , so the Arduino implementation fits perfectly into the standard.
Want to use guaranteed length types - use int32_t

Answer 3

The computing core of the microcontroller has a capacity of 8 bits. Therefore, all registers that the microcontroller operates on are either 8-bit or 16-bit.
8-bit ALU, for example. add two numbers uses 1 operation for numbers of type uint8_t, or two
operations for numbers of type unit16_t. For numbers of type uint32_t, 4 operations are required.
The same with read-write operations from memory to registers and to memory.
That is, to simply find out if an int variable is equal to zero, 4 operations are required? It would be strange.
The type int is the main type in the C language. In this case, it would be used only in exceptional cases.
So on 8-bit and 16-bit platforms the size of an int is 16 bits, on 32-bit platforms it's 32 bits, on 64-bit platforms it's 64, and so on.
The char type is even more confusing.