Why does the server crash after several page reloads?

Question

linux

Hello, I have a website, Linux, Ubuntu, 1 gb ram, 20gb ssd
Recently, a user broke the server many, many times just by reloading the page.
How can you protect yourself from such smarties? Tell me, in more detail, if possible, links to tutorials.

Answer 1

Dos attacks have a lot of information on them on the Internet, the simplest solution is to stupidly limit the page display, and turn off the counter after five minutes. And then bring this counter to the user, or rather, according to the specific http header that it sends.

Answer 2

nginx.org/ru/docs/http/ngx_http_limit_req_module.html for help

Answer 3

THIS IS NOT SMART, but the default settings of apache or nginx, they have been default for twenty years. And technologies have changed, as well as the amount of memory and processors.
You look in the log there will be written the limit of what you have increased.